Which method is least likely used in the appraisal of undeveloped land?

The income approach is least likely used in the appraisal of undeveloped land because this method primarily focuses on properties that generate income, such as rental properties or commercial real estate. The income approach calculates the present value of future cash flows derived from the property, which relies on the existence of a reliable income stream. Undeveloped land typically does not produce income until it is developed or utilized in a manner that generates cash flow, making this approach less relevant for such properties.

In contrast, the market approach and sales comparison approach are fundamental methods for valuing undeveloped land, as they draw data from comparable sales of similar properties to determine fair market value. The cost approach can also be applied, especially when considering the cost of development or replacement of existing improvements. However, since undeveloped land does not have an operational income component, the income approach does not align well with the characteristics of this type of property valuation.